STREAM OpenRISC

About

The Stream OpenRISC SoC is a complete System on Chip running on the FPGA on the STREAM board. Its main usage is to control all the on-board peripheral devices and to provide a standalone platform for software defined radio applications. With the supplied Linux image, the SoC is capable of:

• Generating I/Q data in software to send to a MyriadRF board
• Receiving I/Q samples that can be processed with the on-chip OpenRISC CPU or forwaded to the USB3 interface
• Connect to a network with Ethernet
• Handle user I/O with a UART

For special purpose applications, the Linux image can be replaced with a light-weight real-time operating system (RTOS) or a custom bare-metal application to increase performance and real-time capabilities.

Specification

The Stream OpenRISC SoC consists of an OpenRISC CPU connected to various peripheral devices.

Block diagram

Block diagram

Stream SoC memory map

Core	Base Address
Main Memory	0x00000000
TX/RX Memory	0x04000000
UART	0x90000000
GPIO	0x91000000
Ethernet MAC	0x92000000
LMS 6002D IF	0x95000000
Boot ROM	0xF0000100

Boot ROM

The boot ROM contains the first instructions that the OpenRISC CPU will read after reset. The default behaviour is to clear register r3 and jump to address 0x100 and continue to load an application from there.

CPU

The OpenRISC Stream SoC uses mor1kx as main CPU.

Ethernet MAC

The 10/100 Mbps Ethernet MAC is used for Ethernet communication.

FX3

The FX3 interface is used for streaming received I/Q data to the on-board FX3 USB3 controller. The FX3 core implements a simple interface for writing to a synchronous slave interface of a Cypress FX3. Most parameters are fixed except for a input flag to signal flow control from the FX3 and data and write enable outputs to the FX3. The internal user interface consists of a 16-bit stream port.

FX3 Interface

Name	Width	Direction	Comment
fd_0	16	Out	Data to write to FX3
slwr_n	1	Out	Active low write to enable FX3
flagb	1	in	Flow control flag from FX3 to signal busy

The FX3 interface should be connected directly to pins interfacing the FX3.

Stream Interface

Name	Width	Direction	Comment
stream_s_data_i	16	In	Internal data port
stream_s_valid_i	1	In	Internal data valid
stream_s_read_0	1	Out	FX3 core is ready to accept data

The Stream interface provides a port for providing data to the FX3 core. A successful transaction of a word occurs when both the valid and ready signals are asserted. This interface is synchronous to clk.

GPIO

The GPIO block is connected to the remaining FPGA_GPIO pins not used by UART. All pins can be programmed as either input or output separately.

GPIO Connections

Bit	Onboard Pin
0	N.C.
1	N.C.
2	FPGA_GPIO2
3	FPGA_GPIO3
4	FPGA_GPIO4
5	FPGA_GPIO5
6	FPGA_GPIO6
7	N.C.

More documentation is available on the GitHub page.

Main Memory

The Main Memory controller is connected to 64MB DDR2 SDRAM. This memory is used for instructions and data for applications and operating systems.

TX/RX Memory

The TX/RX Memory controller is connected to 64MB DDR2 SDRAM. This memory is used for storing I/Q samples that are received , or to be transmitted from/to the LMS controller.

Myriad-RF Interface

The Myriad-RF Interface, also known as the LMS6002D IF, is responsible for communication with a Myriad-RF 1 board. The external interface consists of an RX interface and a TX interface and the internal interfaces consist of two Wishbone master interfaces for streaming I/Q data to and from RAM, a Wishbone slave interface for control of Myriad-RF IF and a stream port for accessing the received data stream directly.

Block diagram

Myriad-RF Interface block diagram

Interfaces

TX Interface

Name	Width	Direction	Comment
txd	12	Out	TX I/Q Data from Myriad-RF 1
txiqsel	1	Out	TX I/Q selector from Myriad-RF 1
tx_clk	1	In	TX Clock from Myriad-RF 1
tx_rst	1	In	Reset signal synchronous to tx_clk

The TX interface should be connected directly to pins interfacing the MyriadRF, except for tx_rst which should be synchronized internally.

RX Interface

Name	Width	Direction	Comment
rxd	12	In	RX I/Q Data from Myriad-RF 1
rxiqsel	1	In	RX I/Q selector from Myriad-RF 1
rx_clk	1	In	RX Clock from Myriad-RF 1
rx_rst	1	In	Reset signal synchronous to rx_clk

The RX interface should be connected directly to pins interfacing the Myriad-RF 1, except for rx_rst which should be synchronized internally.

RX Stream Interface

Name	Width	Direction	Comment
usb_m_data_0	24	Out	RX I/Q Data from Myriad-RF 1. I=bits[23:12], Q=bits[11:0]
usb_m_valid_0	1	Out	RX I/Q Data valid
usb_m_ready_i	1	In	Receiver ready

The RX Stream interface provides a port for directly reading out the data stream from Myriad-RF 1. A successful transaction of a word occurs when both the valid and ready signals are asserted. This interface is synchronous to wb_clk.

Wishbone Interfaces

Name	Width	Direction	Comment
wbs_*	-	-	Wishbone slave interface for controlling the Myriad-RF IF core
wbm_tx_*	-	-	Wishbone master interface for reading TX samples from RAM
lms_tx_irq_0	1	Out	Interrupt signal for TX DMA streamer
wbm_rx_*	-	-	RX DMA interface for writing received samples to RAM
lms_rx_irq_0	1	Out	Interrupt signal for RX DMA streamer

The Wishbone slave interface is used for control and status of the MyriadRF core. The memory map is detailed below.

Myriad-RF IF Memory Map

Register	Address	Comment
tx_src	0x0000	Source for TX I/Q Data. 0=Test data generator, 1=TX DMA streamer
loopback	0x0008	0=Read I/Q sample from Myriad-RF 1, 1=Loop TX samples to RX
rx_sink	0x000C	0=Send RX data to Stream port, 1=Send RX data to RX DMA streamer
TX DMA
ctrl	0x0100	Bit 1=Interrupt, Bit 0=Streamer is busy
start_aadr	0x0104	Start address for reading samples in memory
buf_size	0x0108	Size of buffer to read from memory
burst_size	0x010C	Length of Wishbone burst cycles
tx_cnt	0x0110	Number of bytes read for current transaction
RX DMA
ctrl	0x0200	Bit 1=Interrupt, Bit 0=Streamer is busy
start_adr	0x0204	Start address for writing samples in memory
buf_size	0x0208	Size of buffer to write to memory
burst_size	0x020C	Length of Wishbone burst cycles
tx_cnt	0x0210	Number of bytes written for current transaction

UART

The UART is used for standard input/output for software running on the SoC. The following pins are connected to the UART:

UART Connections

Pin	Usage
FPGA_GPIO0	TX (from computer to Stream board)
FPGA_GPIO1	RX (from Stream board to computer)

More documentation is available from OpenCores.org.

SoC Project Structure

• stream.system
  • FuseSoC System configuration file

• stream.core
  • FuseSoC core configuration file

• doc
  • Documentation
    • Makefile - Makefile to regenerate HTML docs
    • \*.txt - AsciiDoc sources
    • \*.html - HTML Documentation

• data
  • Miscellaneous files
    • stream.dts - Device Tree Source file
    • stream.sdc - Timing constraints
    • stream_defconfig - Linux default configuration
    • pinmap.tcl - Pin mapping and I/O configuration
    • wb_intercon_dbg.conf - Interconnect configuration file for mor1kx_dbg_wrapper
    • options.tcl - Additional options for Quartus II
    • winbond_w9751g6kb25.xml - Memory preset file for on-board DDR2 memories
    • wb_intercon.conf - Configuration file for main Wishbone interconnect

• rtl/verilog
  • SoC-specific verilog source code
    • mor1kx_dbg_wrapper.v - Wrapper file for CPU, debug system and boot ROM
    • rst_sync.v - Reset synchroniser
    • include/timescale.v - Default verilog timescale setting
    • include/uart_defines.v - UART default settings
    • include/ethmac_defines.v - Ethernet MAC default settings
    • stream_top.v - Stream SoC top-level
    • wb_intercon.v - Main Wishbone Interconnect
    • wb_intercon.vh - Main Wishbone Interconnect include file
    • wb_intercon_dbg.v - mor1kx_dbg Wishbone Interconnect
    • wb_intercon_dbg.vh - mor1kx_dbg Wishbone Interconnect include file
    • altmemphy_wrapper.v - Wrapper for memory controller and arbiter
    • clkgen.v - Clock generation

• bench
  • Testbench
    • stream_tb.v - Stream SoC testbench wrapper
    • test-defines.v - Test defines file

• ip
  • Proprietary IP cores
    • pll - Main PLL
    • ddr2_ctrl - Altera Altmemphy DDR2 Controller

See also

• STREAM
• Stream Project Page